TEACHING PRACTICES
The article outlines the developmental and social aspects of teaching coding to schoolchildren: the development of thinking, the formation of new values of the digital society, understanding the rules of behavior in the digital environment. Coding is a powerful tool for developing computational (algorithmic) thinking. The article shows a variant of teaching coding, which allows schoolchildren to independently invent algorithms, develop their thinking, and improve their abilities. Namely, an example of a sequence of coding tasks on the topic "Integers and operations on them" for elementary school students is considered in detail. Tasks solutions (programs) are given in Python. The emphasis is on how, on the basis of a specially organized sequence of tasks, to provide the student with the opportunity to develop their abilities to perform decomposition, abstraction, pattern recognition, algorithmization, modeling, assessment.
The article discusses the feasibility of organizing project activity in informatics, aimed at developing universal educational actions of upper secondary school students. The possibility of development of regulatory, cognitive and communicative universal educational actions in the context of project activity is revealed. Various means of organizational and methodological support of project activity on informatics are proposed, contributing to the development of universal educational actions of upper secondary school students. An algorithm for constructing a Gantt chart is described, and an example of upper secondary school students compiling a cyclogram of an informatics project based on this algorithm is considered. The possibility of using the Trello online resource to manage upper secondary school students in informatics project activity is demonstrated. The analysis of the formation of universal educational actions of upper secondary school students as a result of the use of organizational and methodological support of compulsory project activity in informatics is presented.
The article discusses the use of virtual reality technologies in the school informatics course in teaching modeling. The greatest attention is paid to methodological recommendations for the elective course "Technologies of multidimensional modeling based on a virtual reality system for a smart home". In the classroom, students get acquainted with the basic concepts related to virtual reality, modeling objects and processes in 3D editors and based on a modern game engine.
For students in the lesson, it is proposed to work with additive technologies on the example of studying a 3D printing device using virtual reality technology. Students participate in all stages of designing and developing a model in the cloud environment and then printing it on a 3D printer.
Training within the elective course ends with a consideration of the basic concepts of the internet of things, the possibilities of augmented reality technologies in this area and the construction of a smart device using an educational kit.
The article presents new, more accurate algorithms and formulas for calculating the area of a circle, volume of a ball, surface area of a ball. To prove these algorithms and formulas and their practical application, programs have been developed in the Visual Basic for Application in Microsoft Word. These algorithms and formulas should be studied and applied in all educational institutions, as they are closer to the truth. From a more accurate calculation using these formulas, you can get an economic effect when calculating trajectories of movements in space, on the surface of the globe, in the construction and maintenance of products in the form of a circle or a ball. The study of this material in informatics lessons contributes to the development of students' creative thinking, increasing their motivation to study informatics and IT.
The article describes a technique developed by the author for converting a number of ordinary fractions into a binary number system without intermediate conversion to decimal. The technique is generally applicable to two types of fractions: the denominator of which is 2n – 1 or 2n + 1, where n is a natural number, and also for denominator values 2, 4, 8, ... times greater than the indicated values. For fractions with a denominator of the form 2n + 1 and numerators equal to powers of two, an original technique is implemented during translation, which consists in using a conditional negative digit 1 (its designation: 1). The analysis showed that the developed method is more effective than the traditional one. A large number of examples are given and assignments for independent work of students are proposed.
СРЕДСТВА ИКТ В УЧЕБНОМ ПРОЦЕССЕ
It's the fact that for decades there has been a search for a system that can imitate human mentors and automate some of their tasks. In the 1980s, intellectual tutoring systems appeared. These are systems that include artificial intelligence and support the student's learning process by offering him expert guidance. However, these are systems that are limited to certain areas of knowledge. Unlike intelligent learning systems, chatbots focus on conversation. Their goal is to achieve interaction in the same patterns as in humans. To maintain conversation, these bots must be able to analyze the environment and offer solutions to problems, interpret emotions of the interlocutor and act accordingly, and also help in learning process. The practical significance of the research presented in the article is that it analyzes the basics of chatbot technology, based on educational needs. Assessment of readiness of chatbot technology for operation at a given moment of time and with modern technological development is given.
ИНФОРМАТИКА И ИКТ В НАЧАЛЬНОЙ ШКОЛЕ
The use of group forms of work in organizing the educational process at school has great potential for the formation of motivation to study, the development of reflexive skills, the acquisition of subject knowledge, the formation of communication skills. The novelty of the social situation of education at school for a younger pupil, his age, the specificity of the subject "Informatics" determine a number of features of the use of group forms of education in primary school. Among such features, the authors consider the need to create situations of the need for the use of knowledge in informatics in solving various educational and life tasks, ensuring the competitive nature of group work, dividing group members by roles, creating conditions for gaining experience in reflexive activity.