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Informatics in school

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No 3 (2022)
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CONTESTS

5-11 306
Abstract

The article discusses the possibilities of using Tello EDU quadrocopters when studying the section "The basics of algorithmization" of a school informatics course. The substantiation of the choice of quadrocopters as a means for teaching schoolchildren the basics of algorithmization is given. The topics of the lessons are listed, which it is advisable to highlight when studying the above-mentioned section of the informatics course using quadrocopters. The possible stages of the lesson on the topic "Algorithms and executors. A quadrocopter is an executor of algorithms" are described. The description of the stages of the lesson covers: the basic concepts of algorithmization, the structure of a quadrocopter, the features of the Tello application interface for controlling a quadrocopter from a smartphone, safety precautions for controlling a quadrocopter. A line-by-line recording of the test flight of the Tello EDU quadrocopter is presented. Examples of tasks that can be offered to students at each stage of the lesson are considered.

13-26 672
Abstract

The article substantiates the choice of VEXcode VR and Open Roberta Lab robot simulators for teaching robotics at school. A description of some problems solved by virtual robots in these environments is given, and possible algorithms for solving problems are presented. Methods of teaching presented in the form of mini tasks will be useful for teachers teaching robotics at school to conduct classes using several virtual robots in VEXcode VR and Open Roberta Lab robot simulators from 2nd to 7th grade. Acquaintance with the elementary concepts of the theory of automatic control on the basis of the methodology presented in the article will contribute to the formation of students' skills in the practical application of programming, the ability to apply information technologies to solve problems of control of robotic systems.

27-35 225
Abstract

The article discusses the concepts of linear and spatial text, describes the advantages and disadvantages of the latter. The elective course aimed at developing students' skills in processing text information using various approaches to modeling of systems by using modeling methods, including the use of graphic languages GNOM, MOLNIYA, GRAF, DRAKON, the use of the American standard for modeling production processes IDEF-0 and DFD Data Flow Diagrams is described in the article. The structure and content line of the course are described. Examples of students' work performed as part of the study of each of the sections of the course "Application of methods of the modeling of systems while working with text information" are given (the target audience of the course is students of the 10th grade of a comprehensive school who study informatics at a basic level). Based on the experience of implementing the described course, a number of conclusions have been formulated that characterize the results achieved.

36-48 488
Abstract

The article presents the description of method of the study of flow charts using board games.
The playing field in such a game is a flow chart. During the game, students roll the dice and move the chip around the playing field, depending on the number that has fallen. But at the same time, they must comply with the rules for the execution of the algorithmic structures included in the flow chart.
The purpose of the proposed teaching method is to intensify the learning of educational material. This is especially important for informatics with its extremely fast rates of development.
For the game, the class is divided into teams of 2–4 people. All teams play at the same time. During the game, each participant repeatedly goes through all the studied algorithmic constructions. Thus, one hundred percent coverage of students and repeated repetition of the material is achieved.
Due to this, it becomes possible to advance far enough in the study of algorithmic constructions. In addition to traditional forks and two types of loops (with a precondition and with a given number of repetitions), input commands, subprograms and parameters are studied.
The methodic were prepared as part of the Perm version of the propaedeutic course of informatics (team of authors: M. A. Plaksin, N. G. Ivanova, O. L. Rusakova; the working title of the course is "TRIZformatika"). But the technique can be applied in any other course. The article provides a description and playing fields of four board games for mastering the mechanism of flow charts, and also gives a number of methodological comments.

TEACHING PRACTICES

53-66 295
Abstract

3D computer graphics is information technology that is not mandatory for studying at the level of basic general education. Its study is more related to pre-profile training in advanced programs used in such educational projects as the Mathematical Vertical. In this regard, there is a certain shortage of teaching methods for this topic, using Russian free or open source software as software tools.
As the best software to support the teaching of the topic "3D computer graphics", it is proposed to consider both the domestic free 3D modeling system KOMPAS-3D LT V12 for non-commercial and educational purposes, and the free 3D parametric modeling system FreeCAD. The choice of KOMPAS-3D LT V12 is primarily due to the need to use domestic software in the face of constant tightening of economic sanctions against the Russian Federation by a number of unfriendly Western states. These sanctions also have a negative impact on the information infrastructure of Russian educational institutions.
The author's method of teaching the topic "3D computer graphics" in basic school has the following characteristic features: it can be used both for distance learning and for full-time education; is based on domestic software, in connection with which the infrastructure of Russian educational organizations does not fall under the threat of an unmotivated refusal of licenses to use foreign proprietary software. In addition, the use of free versions of software in the educational process optimizes government spending on education.

ОЛИМПИАДЫ ПО ИНФОРМАТИКЕ

67-74 773
Abstract

The article discusses approaches to developing a system of Olympiad tasks, features of the event, as well as solving tasks of two stages of the first All-Russian Olympiad in artificial intelligence for 8th—11th grades, held in October-November 2021 by the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation as part of the Federal Project "Artificial Intelligence" of the National Program "Digital Economy of the Russian Federation". The topics of the Olympiad tasks were Natural Language Processing and Computer Vision. At all stages of the Olympiad, the Python programming language with specialized libraries for solving artificial intelligence problems was used. The material with the analysis of tasks will be useful when teaching informatics at an advanced level at school, including when preparing schoolchildren to participate in the next Olympiad in artificial intelligence in an individual format.

СРЕДСТВА ИКТ В УЧЕБНОМ ПРОЦЕССЕ

75-82 290
Abstract

As part of teaching programming in a school informatics course, an important issue is the possibility of using various online programming environments that can be used when teaching the Python programming language. Online programming environments are specialized web services that provide the ability to write and run programs in the appropriate programming language.
The article provides an analysis of the content of textbooks and manuals on the subject of "Informatics" in the context of the authors' description of the possibility of using online environments when teaching the Python language. The possibilities of online programming environments for working with the interactive and program mode of Python are considered. The functionality of four services is described: Python Shell, Online Python, JDoodle Online Python 3 IDE, Trinket Python. A demonstration of their work is given on examples of programs in the Python language. The advantages and disadvantages of these online environments are analyzed as part of the study of the "Programming" section in the school informatics course. A comparative description of the considered online programming environments is given. The possibilities of their use as a means of electronic support during lessons in the framework of studying the Python programming language are described.

ИНФОРМАТИКА И ИКТ В НАЧАЛЬНОЙ ШКОЛЕ

83-90 328
Abstract

The article discusses formation of communication and cooperation skills in a junior schoolchild as components of his functional literacy. The ways of working with animation at math lessons when students are combined into small groups are revealed. Forms of organization of educational activity of junior schoolchildren are considered; a description of the tasks most suitable for animation is proposed; the methodology for organizing a lesson is given with examples of tasks, the content of which allows organizing communication between students; examples of tasks solved with the help of animation created by children are given; methods for diagnosing the level of communication of students are described. An analysis of the results of several years of work on the formation of communication and cooperation skills through the creation of animation is presented. The material can be useful to school teachers, students of pedagogical universities and methodologists.



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ISSN 2221-1993 (Print)