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Informatics in school

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No 1 (2022)
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КОНКУРС ИНФО-2021

7-15 228
Abstract

The article proposes methodological support for classes in the VR quantum of the mini technopark "Quantorium" for creating VR content using web technologies. The description of practical works allows students to learn how to create virtual worlds step by step by generating code in the simplest text editor Notepad. Creating a virtual world is like creating web pages in HTML. Platform independence and the availability of software for creating virtual reality make it possible to use such a web-based approach both at school in the mini technopark classes and when students work independently at home. This approach is ideal for distance learning. Conducting classes in a VR quantum based on the proposed methodology will help students develop the skills to create VR content for virtual reality helmets and the ability to apply information technologies to solve creative problems in the information society.

16-21 274
Abstract

The article discusses the main features of organizing a lesson using digital storytelling technology. The main points that need to be taken into account before creating the digital story and in the process of implementing digital storytelling technology are highlighted: the place of the digital story in the lesson or in the system of lessons; the purpose and structure of the digital story; the type of the story; the digital product and digital tools; the slide scenario of the story. An example of the digital story based on a narrative in the Canva service is given when studying the theme "Computer viruses", the multimedia presentation acts as the digital product. Tasks for students are proposed, which it is advisable to implement with the help of digital storytelling technology, in order to involve students in the educational process.

22-29 287
Abstract

The article discusses some aspects of pre-profile training of schoolchildren, provides components of pre-profile training. The role of pre-profile elective courses in the professional self-determination of schoolchildren is determined under the conditions of the Federal State Educational Standards of General Education. Attention is focused on the relevance of pre-profile programming courses. The choice of the Python programming language for these courses is explained by its versatility and the ability to increase functionality through libraries, as well as the ease of learning the language due to the peculiarities of writing code. The program of the elective course "Basics of Programming in Python" is presented, including the goals and objectives of the course, planned learning outcomes, learning content, explanations for the implementation of the course, thematic planning, logistical and educational support. It is of interest to implement the learning process in the context of working on a real project. The structure, content and design of the educational site developed for teaching the course are also described. The possibility of using the site in the classroom and for independent work of schoolchildren at home is noted.

30-33 408
Abstract

The article gives the concepts of animation, educational animation and animated video. The relevance of the use of animated videos in the educational process is revealed, in particular, their use is described in cases where it is impossible to show a real object. The advantages of using educational animated videos as one of the ways of visual presentation of educational information are described. The formats for using educational animated videos in the learning process, including the distance format, are described. As an example, an educational animated video "Four-stroke internal combustion engine", created for use in physics lessons, is described, the purpose of its use and some features are considered. Recommendations are given for the effective use of animated videos in the educational process based on the author's personal experience.

34-39 247
Abstract

Currently, we are witnessing a digital transformation in various areas of life, including education. Educational institutions are equipped with new equipment, connected to high-speed Internet, a digital document management system is being created, etc. New educational technologies are being developed and existing ones are being modernized, taking into account the possibility of using digital equipment, which contribute to the development of new personal qualities in students, "digital" thinking. The article discusses the impact of the digital transformation of education on the peculiarities of the perception of information by students, on the development of sign-symbolic activity. The functions of sign-symbolic means in activity (communicative, cognitive, substitute), types of sign-symbolic human activity (modeling, coding, schematization, substitution), the influence of social networks and instant messengers on the perception of information by students, the process of change in the perception of written (digital) information are described in the article. Two series of exercises are presented: 1) to familiarize younger students with information processes using the emoji language, 2) to familiarize them with editing information in "distorted texts".

ИНТЕГРИРОВАННЫЕ УРОКИ

40-45 207
Abstract

The article reveals the issues of organizing classes on geoinformation technologies with schoolchildren in the framework of additional education. Additional education is considered as an activity of the House of Scientific Collaboration on the basis of Cherepovets State University. The purpose of the work is to describe the system of tasks within the framework of the program "Geoinformation technologies" through the prism of the travel motive. Based on the analysis of psychological and pedagogical literature, the article highlights the following provisions for the system of classes: mastering the concept of "geoinformation technologies"; taking into account the main characteristics of the concept of "travel"; relying on the personal experience of students and the emotional component; the use of active and interactive teaching methods. The paper describes creative cases on the educational program "Geoinformation technologies", which are aimed at studying new information, analyzing the information received, fixing and presenting the results obtained. Intersubject connections are the basis for planning classes. The complex of case tasks is aimed at the formation of personal, meta-subject and subject results, and also allows to develop interest in studying the geography and history of the planet Earth using modern information technologies. Google Maps and Yandex.Maps act as tools for solving case tasks.

46-54 307
Abstract

The article describes the conduct of the integrated lesson in literature and informatics. This lesson is dedicated to the 200th anniversary of the birth of N. A. Nekrasov, which was celebrated on December 10, 2021. At the lesson, students get acquainted with the work of the great Russian poet and writer N. A. Nekrasov “Peasant children”, learn about how children lived in the past. In the Scratch programming environment, students create an animation (cartoon) based on an excerpt from the poem “Peasant children” “Pocket-sized man”. The lesson is aimed at forming students’ ideas about the life and work of N. A. Nekrasov, developing interest in project activities and programming, encouraging students to use the Scratch programming environment to create multimedia projects. The lesson provides conditions for mastering the basic universal educational activities of an informational nature, such as posing and formulating a problem; search and selection of necessary information, application of information retrieval methods; structuring and visualization of information; selection of the most effective ways of solving problems depending on specific conditions; independent creation of activity algorithms in solving problems of a creative and exploratory nature.

TEACHING PRACTICES

55-66 337
Abstract

The article presents the framework of the methodology for teaching the theme "Creating and processing of sound information" of the informatics course at the level of basic general education using the free cross-platform offline sound editor Audacity. The concept of "teaching methodology" refers to the process of transferring from the teacher to the student a certain necessary and sufficient set of algorithms for creating certain information objects that correspond to the information technology being studied. As a result of the analysis of possible software options to support the teaching of the theme under consideration in the informatics course, it is concluded that offline free cross-platform sound editors with low minimum system requirements is the best option. One of the most successful software options is the Audacity audio editor, which has a number of advantages over its counterparts. The article questions the principle of invariance of the method of teaching information technology, in particular technology for creating and processing sound information, with respect to the software and hardware used in the educational process, and substantiates the conclusion about the partial failure of this principle. A possible variant of the framework of the methodology for teaching the theme of the informatics course under consideration is given, which includes the division of the learning content into seven stages. Each of the stages includes a description of the presentation of the relevant educational material, including the technology for performing practical work aimed at mastering the basic elements of the functionality of the Audacity sound editor by students. The description of the author’s teaching methodology also contains the lesson planning corresponding to it on the theme " Creating and processing of sound information" of the informatics course for the basic school. The advantages of the proposed teaching methodology include the possibility of its use for both full-time and distance learning, as well as the low cost of its use in the educational process of a general education school. In addition, the methodology under consideration ensures a high resistance of the educational process to the destructive impact on the information structure of Russian educational organizations, which includes, among other things, an unmotivated refusal of licenses to use foreign-made proprietary software.

67-80 287
Abstract

The article describes the methodology for teaching to schoolchildren and students the topic "One-dimensional dynamic arrays" in the PascalABC.NET programming language. It is shown that the transition from studying static arrays to dynamic arrays, although it will require time and some effort from the teacher, but all costs are paid off by the acquisition of a new powerful tool. In addition to dynamic arrays, the basics of working with List lists are outlined, which in many cases turn out to be more convenient than arrays. Lists are one of the basic data structures in many modern programming languages. The article describes the scope of lists and their difference from arrays. Examples of writing functions whose input and/or output parameters are arrays or lists are given. The technique of using slices for working with arrays and lists is considered. Slices provide a concise syntax for accessing a portion of an array. This allows you to significantly reduce the code, which in the traditional style contains a lot of cyclic actions. In closing, conclusions are drawn that the study of dynamic arrays and lists makes it easier to switch to programming in other modern languages.

 

ЗАДАЧИ

81-84 236
Abstract

The problem of calculating the number of all possible coverings of a checkered rectangle n×m (n rows, m columns) by tiles 1×2 without gaps and overlaps is considered. Since there are no coverings for odd n and m, it is assumed that at least one of these two parameters has an even value. A solution to the problem of calculating the number of various coverings with tiles of sizes 1×2 strips of checkered paper with a width of 4 and a given height is proposed. A brief overview of known approaches to solving the problem of determining the number of all possible coverings an for m = 2 and m = 3 is given. In this article, a recursive formula is obtained for calculating an in the case m = 4. For this, a method of the initial cell for laying tiles is proposed, on the basis of which a system of three recurrent formulas for calculating an for n >= 3 and m = 4 is built. Then one recurrent formula for an is deduced from the system.

 

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ISSN 2221-1993 (Print)