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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">infoschool</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Информатика в школе</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Informatics in school</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2221-1993</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Publishing House Education and Informatics</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32517/2221-1993-2020-19-7-10-14</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">infoschool-478</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>АКТУАЛЬНЫЕ ПРОБЛЕМЫ МЕТОДИКИ ОБУЧЕНИЯ ИНФОРМАТИКЕ В СОВРЕМЕННОЙ ШКОЛЕ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>О ситуации с преподаванием информатики в некоторых странах</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>ABOUT THE SITUATION WITH THE TEACHING COMPUTER SCIENCE IN CERTAIN COUNTRIES</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Богданова</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bogdanova</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Богданова Диана Александровна, канд. пед. наук, ст. научный сотрудник</p><p>119333, г. Москва, ул. Вавилова, д. 44, корп. 2 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">d.a.bogdanova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральный исследовательский центр «Информатика и управление» Российской академии наук</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Research Center "Computer Science and Control" of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>10</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>1</volume><issue>7</issue><fpage>10</fpage><lpage>14</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Богданова Д.А., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Богданова Д.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bogdanova D.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://school.infojournal.ru/jour/article/view/478">https://school.infojournal.ru/jour/article/view/478</self-uri><abstract><p>Цифровое окружение детей является не дополнительной опцией для их времяпрепровождения, а средой обитания. Когда человек не обладает программистскими знаниями, он вынужден принимать как данность устройства и программное обеспечение, предусмотренные разработчиками. Это ставит его в невыгодное положение: он проводит много времени в цифровой среде, правила поведения в которой разрабатывались не им. Поэтому владение программированием, по сформировавшемуся мнению, поможет пользователю лучше ориентироваться «по ситуации». Грамотные дети перестанут судить о сайтах только по их привлекательности и набору услуг — они смогут критически и целенаправленно строить свое взаимодействие с этими сайтами. В статье проанализирована в динамике ситуация с преподаванием информатики в школах Соединенных Штатов Америки от 2005 года по настоящее время и Эстонии с 2012 года по настоящее время. Рассмотрены особенности подхода к формированию учебных программ по информатике в школах разных штатов и роль внешних организаций, не относящихся к системе образования.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The digital environment of children is not an extra option, but a habitat. When a person does not have a knowledge in coding, he is forced to accept the devices and software provided by the developers. This puts him at a disadvantage: he spends a lot of time in a digital environment, where the rules of conduct have not been developed by himself. Knowledge of coding, according to the formed opinion, will help the user to better "navigate the situation". Digitally literate children will stop judging websites by their attractiveness and range of services only — they will be capable to critically and purposefully build their interaction with the websites. The dynamics of the situation with teaching informatics in schools in the United States of America from 2005 to the present and in Estonia from 2012 to the present has been analyzed in the article. The features of the approach to the formation of educational programs in informatics in schools of different states and the role of external organizations that are not related to the education system have been considered.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>информатика</kwd><kwd>программирование</kwd><kwd>учебная программа по информатике</kwd><kwd>место информатики в программе обучения в средней школе США</kwd><kwd>«час программирования»</kwd><kwd>компания Codeacademy</kwd><kwd>компания Code.org</kwd><kwd>Tiger Leap</kwd><kwd>Tiger Leap Plus</kwd><kwd>E-stonia</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>informatics</kwd><kwd>coding</kwd><kwd>informatics curriculum</kwd><kwd>place of informatics in the US high school curriculum</kwd><kwd>«hour of code»</kwd><kwd>Codeacademy</kwd><kwd>Code.org</kwd><kwd>Tiger Leap</kwd><kwd>Tiger Leap Plus</kwd><kwd>E-stonia</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Богданова Д. 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